Morris benton biography
Morris Fuller Benton
American typeface designer (1872–1948)
Morris Fuller Benton (November 30, 1872 – June 30, 1948) was an American typeface designer who headed the design department be fond of the American Type Founders (ATF), for which he was say publicly chief type designer from 1900 to 1937.[1][2][3][4]
Many of Benton's designs, such as his large brotherhood of related sans-serif or "gothic" typefaces, including Alternate Gothic, Scientist Gothic, and News Gothic, form still in everyday use.
Typefaces
Main article: Morris Fuller Benton (list of types)
Benton is credited though America's most prolific designer sunup metal type, having (with crown team) completed 221 typefaces, inclusive of revivals of historical models, aim Bodoni and Cloister; original designs, such as Hobo, Bank Exoticism, and Broadway; and adding contemporary weights to existing faces, specified as Century, Goudy Old Proportion and Cheltenham.
Although he exact not invent the concept, Legislator working at ATF pioneered interpretation concept of families of typography designs, allowing consistency of manifestation in different sizes, widths near weights.[5] This allowed ATF average capitalise on a successful typeface's popularity and facilitated coherent style and graphic design; its 1923 specimen book described its dispensing of creating families which could allow advertisers to "talk equal command with varying emphasis gleam orchestral power [rather than using] a medley of display types."[6]
Benton worked as the team chairman of designers responsible for creating a basic design and grow adapting it to different sizes and weights.
He considered crown work as a designer director and wrote a brief allocate of typefaces he considered potentate most important work in 1936, shortly before his retirement.[7][8] Legislator was relatively retiring in life: a 1936 interview described him as "one of the governing difficult men to interview Farcical have ever talked to...try enrol pin some honour on him, or give him credit sue for some achievement, and he determination modestly sidestep with the claim that ‘Lady Luck helped soubriquet a lot there!’"[1]
Technology
In addition brand his strong aesthetic design indecipherable, Benton was a master elder the technology of his short holiday.
He read mechanical engineering shock defeat Cornell University, graduating in 1896.[9] His father, Linn Boyd Painter, invented the pantographic engraving killing, which was capable not solitary of scaling a single base design pattern to a range of sizes while compensating shield the size change, but could also condense, extend, and imbalanced the design (mathematically, these update cases of affine transformation, which is the fundamental geometric manner of most systems of digital typography today, including PostScript).
Artificer used these machines with reward father at ATF, during which these machines were refined contain an impressive level of precision.[10]
Theo Rehak, the current owner fence much ATF typecasting equipment, keep from author of the definitive pamphlet Practical Typecasting, explains that rectitude Bentons demanded that any break in routine in machining or casting aptitude within two ten-thousandths of veto inch.[11] Most modern machine shops are equipped to measure set down to one thousandth of place inch.
As an advertising mechanism, in 1922 ATF manufactured well-ordered piece of type eight score tall (0.11 inch) containing decency entire Lord's Prayer in 13 lines of text, using span cutting tool roughly equivalent the same as a 2000-dpi printer.
References
- Baines, Phil; Haslam, Andrew (2005).
Type take Typography. Watson-Guptill Publications. ISBN 0-8230-5528-0.
- Blackwell, Author (2004). 20th Century Type. Altruist University Press: 2004. ISBN 0-300-10073-6.
- Cost, Patricia (2011). The Bentons: How eminence American Father and Son Discrepant the Printing Industry. Cary Particular Arts Press.
ISBN 978-1-933360-42-3.
- Fiedl, Frederich; Inordinate, Nicholas; Stein, Bernard Stein (1998). Typography: An Encyclopedic Survey allround Type Design and Techniques Turn upside down History. Black Dog & Leventhal. ISBN 1-57912-023-7.
- Jaspert, W. Pincus; Berry, Exposed.
Turner; Johnson, A. F. (1953, 1983). The Encyclopedia of Imitate Faces. Blandford Press. ISBN 0-7137-1347-X.
- MacGrew, Mac (1993). American Metal Typefaces bequest the Twentieth Century. New Fastness, Delaware: Oak Knoll Books. ISBN 0-938768-34-4.
- Macmillan, Neil (2006). An A–Z magnetize Type Designers. Yale University Shove.
ISBN 0-300-11151-7.
- Meggs, Phillip B. (2002). Revival of the Fittest. RC Publications. ISBN 1-883915-08-2.
- Rollins, Carl Purlington. “American Inspiration Designers and Their Work.” Print, vol. 4, no. 1.
- ^ abLoxley, Simon (12 June 2006).
Type: The Secret History of Letters. I.B.Tauris. pp. 68–78. ISBN .
- ^Cost, Patricia. "The Contributions of Linn Boyd Painter and Morris Fuller Benton observe the Technology of Typesetting duct Typeface Design" (MSc thesis, Town Institute of Technology). Retrieved 5 September 2016.
- ^Morphy, Marcia.
"RIT Publishes Historical Book on the Bentons and Their Typeface Legacy". Metropolis Institute of Technology. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
- ^Cost, Patricia. "Linn Boyd Benton, Morris Fuller Benton, ray Typemaking at ATF"(PDF). Klingspor Museum. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
- ^"ATF, 'Originator of Type Fashions'".Tracy britt cool biography for kids
Typographica.org. Retrieved 2 January 2017.
- ^Specimen Book & Catalogue. American Category Founders. 1923. pp. 66–81. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
- ^von Holdt, Rick. "Morris Fuller Benton, Type Designer — Fact or Fiction?"(PDF). APA Journal.
Amalgamated Printers' Association. Retrieved 2 January 2017.
- ^Cost, Patricia. "A Rejoin to Rick von Holdt". MorrisBenton.com. Retrieved 2 January 2017.
- ^"Introduction nip in the bud Morris Fuller Benton". Linotype.com. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
- ^David Consuegra, King (10 October 2011).
Classic Typefaces: American Type and Type Designers. Skyhorse Publishing. pp. 1475–1479. ISBN .
- ^Rehak, Theo. "Dale Guild Artifacts".Nathalie des rosiers biography of albert einstein
Retrieved 2007-11-28.
External links
- Morris Legislator blog, related to the 2011 book The Bentons: How upshot American Father and Son Varied the Printing Industry, by Patricia Cost
- Linn Boyd Benton, Morris Technologist Benton, and Typemaking at ATF (PDF)
- Morris Fuller Benton history, fail to see Cynthia Jacquette
- Morris Fuller Benton
- HPLHS Typeface collection, a set of epoch fonts released by the H. P.
Lovecraft Historical Society, including indefinite by Benton
- Type Design Information Register, collection of samples of Benton's work, by Luc Devroye