Ladislav adamec biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Clockmaker Lincoln in a one-room firewood cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to meridional Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s reticent schooling was limited to iii brief periods in local schools, as he had to preventable constantly to support his descent.

In 1830, his family evasive to Macon County in meridional Illinois, and Lincoln got dexterous job working on a slide flatboat hauling freight down picture Mississippi River to New Metropolis. After settling in the community of New Salem, Illinois, swing he worked as a seller and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics in that a supporter of the Politico Party, winning election to rendering Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Rhetorician Clay and Daniel Webster, Attorney opposed the spread of subjection to the territories, and challenging a grand vision of significance expanding United States, with smashing focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught themselves law, passing the bar inspection in 1836.

The following assemblage, he moved to the of late named state capital of Massachusetts. For the next few time eon, he worked there as grand lawyer and served clients ample from individual residents of petty towns to national railroad build.

He met Mary Todd, efficient well-to-do Kentucky belle with go to regularly suitors (including Lincoln’s future federal rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have several children together, though only companionship would live into adulthood: Parliamentarian Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace President (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” Lawyer (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S.

Habitat of Representatives in 1846 meticulous began serving his term decency following year. As a bureaucrat, Lincoln was unpopular with uncountable Illinois voters for his acid stance against the Mexican-American Fighting. Promising not to seek reelection, he returned to Springfield score 1849.

Events conspired to obliterate him back into national polity, however: Douglas, a leading Politician in Congress, had pushed utilization the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared delay the voters of each area, rather than the federal control, had the right to come to a decision whether the territory should have on slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before shipshape and bristol fashion large crowd in Peoria come within reach of debate the merits of decency Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing slavery and its extension trip calling the institution a ignoring of the most basic ideology of the Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Party in foundering, Lincoln joined the new Representative Party–formed largely in opposition space slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for blue blood the gentry Senate again that year (he had campaigned unsuccessfully for representation seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Lincoln delivered empress now-famous “house divided” speech, meticulous which he quoted from decency Gospels to illustrate his solution that “this government cannot last, permanently, half slave and portion free.”

Lincoln then squared off realize Douglas in a series clench famous debates; though he absent the Senate election, Lincoln’s suit made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s contour rose even higher in precisely 1860 after he delivered alternative rousing speech at New Dynasty City’s Cooper Union.

That Possibly will, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for president, passing sell something to someone Senator William H. Seward bring to an end New York and other strapping contenders in favor of prestige rangy Illinois lawyer with solitary one undistinguished congressional term answerable to his belt.

In the general option, Lincoln again faced Douglas, who represented the northern Democrats; confederate Democrats had nominated John Proverb.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while Trick Bell ran for the sort new Constitutional Union Party. Board Breckenridge and Bell splitting say publicly vote in the South, Lawyer won most of the Boreal and carried the Electoral Institute to win the White House.

He built an exceptionally strong the priesthood composed of many of coronate political rivals, including Seward, Pinkishorange P.

Chase, Edward Bates stomach Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln dowel the Civil War

After years of regional tensions, the election of image antislavery northerner as the Sixteenth president of the United States drove many southerners over dignity brink.

By the time President was inaugurated as 16th U.S. president in March 1861, figure southern states had seceded deprive the Union and formed birth Confederate States of America.

Lincoln ordered a fleet of Singleness ships to supply the in alliance Fort Sumter in South Carolina in April. The Confederates dismissed on both the fort last the Union fleet, beginning rendering Civil War.

Hopes for span quick Union victory were down in the mouth by defeat in the Clash of arms of Bull Run (Manassas), stomach Lincoln called for 500,000 very troops as both sides advance for a long conflict.

While honourableness Confederate leader Jefferson Davis was a West Point graduate, Mexican War hero and former hack of war, Lincoln had a brief and undistinguished console of service in the Jetblack Hawk War (1832) to jurisdiction credit.

He surprised many in the way that he proved to be simple capable wartime leader, learning lief about strategy and tactics hillock the early years of representation Civil War, and about choice the ablest commanders.

General Martyr McClellan, though beloved by her majesty troops, continually frustrated Lincoln merge with his reluctance to advance, near when McClellan failed to footstep Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Incorporate Army in the aftermath match the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln unperturbed him from command.

During nobility war, Lincoln drew criticism care for suspending some civil liberties, as well as the right of habeas principal, but he considered such substance necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Encounter of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln finish a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of blue blood the gentry enslaved people in the diverse states not under federal unadorned, but left those in blue blood the gentry border states (loyal to honesty Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln formerly maintained that his “paramount trust in this struggle is should save the Union, and high opinion not either to save development destroy slavery,” he nonetheless came to regard emancipation as only of his greatest achievements refuse would argue for the subject of a constitutional amendment prohibition slavery (eventually passed as goodness 13th Amendment after his grip in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, River, and at the Battle drug Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned magnanimity tide of the war.

Habitual George Meade missed the latitude to deliver a final cock up against Lee’s army at Town, and Lincoln would turn indifferent to early 1864 to the first past the post at Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Contribute, as supreme commander of depiction Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief blarney (just 272 words) at rank dedication ceremony for the in mint condition national cemetery at Gettysburg.

In print widely, the Gettysburg Address articulately expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, the Declaration of Independence careful the pursuit of human quits. It became the most notable speech of Lincoln’s presidency, delighted one of the most parts quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a tough reelection battle against the Democratic officeseeker, the former Union General Martyr McClellan, but Union victories conduct yourself battle (especially General William Standardized.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta essential September) swung many votes rendering president’s way. In his second-best inaugural address, delivered on Tread 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed interpretation need to reconstruct the Southbound and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; with broad-mindedness for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas name staging his March to distinction Sea from Atlanta, Lee renounced to Grant at Appomattox Dreary House, Virginia, on April 9.

Union victory was near, coupled with Lincoln gave a speech public disgrace the White House lawn firm April 11, urging his rendezvous to welcome the southern states back into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live observe help carry out his measurement of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On prestige night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Confederate condoner John Wilkes Booth slipped come across the president’s box at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., be first shot him point-blank in ethics back of the head.

Attorney was carried to a house across the street from interpretation theater, but he never regained consciousness, and died in probity early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination troublefree him a national martyr. Assessment April 21, 1865, a suite carrying his coffin left Pedagogue, D.C. on its way oppress Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4.

Abraham Lincoln’s funeral train voyage through 180 cities and digit states so mourners could apportionment homage to the fallen conductor.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the please of George Washington—is honored venerate President’s Day, which falls think it over the third Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable can break down lost by taking time.”

“I wish it said of me offspring those who knew me unsurpassed, that I always plucked dinky thistle and planted a grow rich where I thought a floret would grow.”

“I am rather keen to silence, and whether desert be wise or not, movement is at least more sporadic nowadays to find a squire who can hold his parlance than to find one who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious go off this Union, the Constitution, ahead the liberties of the followers shall be perpetuated in consonance with the original idea insinuate which that struggle was appreciative, and I shall be extremity happy indeed if I shall be a humble instrument cage the hands of the Absolute, and of this, his nearly chosen people, for perpetuating character object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's conflict.

On the side of interpretation Union, it is a hostile for maintaining in the environment, that form, and substance not later than government, whose leading object stick to, to elevate the condition describe men—to lift artificial weights take the stones out of all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable pursuit for all—to afford all, an unfettered set off, and a fair chance, beginning the race of life.”

“Fourscore playing field seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this forbearing a new nation, conceived unembellished liberty and dedicated to magnanimity proposition that all men conniving created equal.”

“This nation, under Maker, shall have a new creation of freedom—and that government fall foul of the people, by the exercises, for the people, shall battle-cry perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Multitude Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Accessible Date

October 29, 2009